A General Review of Borderline Personality Disorder

Abstract

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a pervasive psychological personality disorder that features affective instability, interpersonal dysfunction, and distorted self-concept, often leading to significant psychological distress and impaired functioning. This literature review synthesizes current research on the epidemiology, diagnosis controversies, symptomatology, etiology, and treatment of BPD. Notable findings indicate a high prevalence of BPD, with diagnostic challenges due to symptom overlap with other mental disorders. Etiologically, studies underlined the detrimental impact of childhood trauma and adverse family dynamics. Treatment modalities like Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Mentalization-Based Treatment (MBT), and Transference-Focused Psychotherapy (TFP) show efficacy in managing symptoms and improving function. This review highlights the complexity of BPD and the need for tailored therapeutic approaches to effectively address the multifaceted nature of the disorder.