The Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in Cancer Immunotherapy

Abstract

Currently, Cancer is the number one killer of human health. The death rate from cancer is increasing year over year as the population ages and grows, particularly since 2019, when there were almost 10 million cases globally recorded by the World Health Organization every year. In light of this trend, it is imperative to continue developing medications and to update and iterate on anti-cancer therapeutic technologies. CAR-T cell therapy, microphage-based therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, and checkpoint blockade therapy are the most popular cancer treatments, but a few patients still cannot tolerate these therapies. A post-optimized strategy is to use gene editing to alter the characteristics of cancer treatment. New therapeutic options for the treatment of complex disorders have become available with the development of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in recent years. This method is widely used in market research for gene knockdown, endogenous gene expression, and chromosome locus markers because of its accuracy and efficiency in processing harmful gene fragments. Also, it is extremely valuable from a medical standpoint when researching immunomodulator resistance. Despite its great potential, there remain concerns over the technology’s usefulness and efficacy and negative prognostic reactions. This review primarily focuses on the current use of CRISPR/Cas9 in cancer immunotherapies.