Applications of Polydopamine - Platinum Nanoparticle in Cancers

Abstract

Platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) are effective anticancer small molecule drugs. Cisplatin, which platinum particles generate when they enter the cell body, effectively kills cancerous cells. However, the specificity of Pt NPs targeting to cancer cells without affecting normal cells remains a big challenge. Due to the emphasis on the effectiveness of Pt NPs, researchers tried to decrease its toxicity by creating an organic metal framework (MOF) structure to envelope Pt NPs. Polydopamine (PDA), with its good biocompatibility and antioxidant properties, can be a carrier for transporting Pt NPs into cancerous cells. The PDA-Pt NPs combination has shown a significant increase in efficacy and fewer side effects. EpCAM antibody and Pt fixed with PDA carbon dots were used to target liver cancer cells specifically. Clinical trials on hepatocellular carcinoma treated with multi-functional NPs after traditional interventional treatment showed significant beneficial effects on outcomes. This review summarizes the individual compositions and functions of Pt NPs and PDA, as well as the combined complex and its clinical application. Future in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research is required to modify the structure of PDA-Pt NPs to reduce side effects and make them fit for more types of cancers.